Differentiate withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in terms of ethics and law.

• A. Withholding is illegal; withdrawing is ethical.
• B. Ethically and legally equivalent; both require consent, alignment with patient goals, standard of care; either decision can be made with surrogate if capacity lacking.
• C. They are totally different legally and ethically.
• D. Withholding is ethical; withdrawing is illegal.

Answer: (B)